Crypto-fiat boundary
On-chain reconciliation, stablecoin reserves, hot / cold wallets, tax lots, failed-tx handling. Where chain truth meets ledger truth.
5 hands-on lessons in this topic. Read each one free, then practice it on a real double-entry ledger in the lab.
- Lesson 71
On-chain ↔ off-chain reconciliation
Your ledger says you hold 10 BTC. The blockchain says you hold 9.998. Which is right?
- Lesson 72
Stablecoin reserve attestation
Every USDC in circulation must have $1 backing it. The ledger proves it.
- Lesson 73
Hot wallet, cold wallet: the custody split
Same BTC. Different keys. Wildly different operational risk.
- Lesson 74
Tax-lot tracking: FIFO vs LIFO vs HIFO
You bought BTC at three different prices. Which 'cost basis' did you sell?
- Lesson 75
Failed on-chain transactions: gas paid, value not moved
Ethereum transactions can fail. The gas is gone. The user expects their balance back.